What is BMS for Lithium Ion Battery?

What is BMS（Battery Management System）in Battery?

A BMS is a device that monitors and controls the performance of a lithium-ion battery or a battery pack. A battery pack is a collection of individual cells that are connected in series or parallel to provide the required voltage and capacity for a specific application. A BMS can measure various parameters of the battery pack, such as voltage, current, temperature, state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), state of power (SOP), and state of energy (SOE). A BMS can also perform various functions, such as protecting the battery pack from overcharging, over-discharging, overcurrent, short circuit, and thermal runaway; balancing the cells to ensure optimal performance and longevity; communicating with other devices or systems; and managing the thermal environment of the battery pack.

A BMS can not only optimize the performance and functionality of the lithium-ion battery pack but also reduce the cost and environmental impact of the lithium-ion battery pack by extending its service life and reducing its waste.

How Does a Lithium-ion Battery BMS Work?

A BMS continuously monitors temperatures throughout the pack and opens and closes various valves to keep the temperature of the entire battery within a specific temperature range and maintain optimum battery performance.

A lithium-ion battery management system is required to monitor battery health and maintain operational safety because lithium-ion batteries can only be used under certain conditions.

Most Li-ion batteries shouldn’t be fast-charged below 5°C and shouldn’t be charged at all below 0°C. To achieve peak performance, BMS lithium battery thermal management often ensures that a battery operates within a limited operating range. This safety feature promotes longer life and supports a strong, reliable battery pack.

The Protections Provided by Lithium-ion Battery Management System

-Overcharge protection: This protection prevents the battery from being charged beyond its maximum voltage limit, which can cause damage, fire, or explosion. The BMS monitors the voltage of each cell or cell group and disconnects the charger or shuts off the power when the voltage reaches a preset threshold.

– Over-discharge protection: This protection prevents the battery from being discharged below its minimum voltage limit, which can cause irreversible capacity loss, increased internal resistance or reverse polarity. The BMS monitors the voltage of each cell or cell group and disconnects the load or shuts off the power if the voltage drops below a preset threshold.

– Over current protection: This protection prevents excessive current from being applied to the battery, which can cause overheating, melting or shorting. The BMS monitors the battery current and disconnects the load or shuts off the power if the current exceeds a preset limit.

– Short circuit protection: This protection prevents the battery from short-circuiting, which can cause high current, high temperature or fire. The BMS detects any abnormal resistance or voltage drop in the battery circuit and disconnects the load or turns off the power if a short circuit occurs.

– Thermal runaway protection: This protection prevents the battery from entering a self-heating and self-accelerating reaction that can lead to fire or explosion. The BMS monitors the temperature of each cell or cell group and activates cooling systems or shuts down the battery if the temperature exceeds a critical point.

– Cell balancing: This feature ensures that all cells in a battery pack have the same voltage and capacity, which can improve battery performance and life. The BMS equalizes the charge or discharge of each cell or group of cells using passive or active methods. Passive methods remove excess energy from higher voltage cells through resistors or shunt devices. Active methods transfer energy from higher voltage cells to lower voltage cells through converters or transformers.

SmarTEC Provides Lithium Battery with Safe and Reliable BMS

SmarTEC provides distributors and exporters with durable and secure lithium batteries for customers as a cutting-edge lithium battery and battery management system (BMS) manufacturer featuring integrated R&D, production, and sales. Lithium batteries are made by SmarTEC with consideration for their security, toughness, longevity, and wide temperature range.

Summary

For a battery pack to be safe, protected, dependable, and long-lasting in sustained operations, a battery management system for lithium batteries is essential.

If you want to learn more about BMS products and solutions for your lithium-ion battery applications, please feel free to visit the websites of SmarTEC. We are happy to assist you with your needs and requirements. Thank you for reading this blog post.